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jueves, 8 de diciembre de 2016

Windows

¿What is Windows?

Microsoft Windows (or simply Windows) is a metafamily of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft. It consists of several families of operating systems, each of which cater to a certain sector of the computing industry with the OS typically associated with IBM PC compatible architecture. Active Windows families include Windows NT, Windows Embedded and Windows Phone; these may encompass subfamilies, e.g. Windows Embedded Compact (Windows CE) or Windows Server. Defunct Windows families include Windows 9x; Windows 10 Mobile is an active product, unrelated to the defunct family Windows Mobile.

Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs).[4] Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer (PC) market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. Apple came to see Windows as an unfair encroachment on their innovation in GUI development as implemented on products such as the Lisa and Macintosh (eventually settled in court in Microsoft's favor in 1993). On PCs, Windows is still the most popular operating system. However, in 2014, Microsoft admitted losing the majority of the overall operating system market to Android,[5] because of the massive growth in sales of Android smartphones.


Windows History

The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name "Windows", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985.[9] Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.


Windows environment 

“Windows” are the basic objects you work in WINDOWS, each task executed in the program is performed o a windows in the screen, so that it can be changed from one to another winthout having to finish the execution of any of them. Each time the progam is started. 


Main Menu Bar: Contains all the options available in the program spread over various submenus. In both our program and in all Windows applications, the hotkeys in the menu can be activated with the keyboard using the Alt keys or, more common, F10.

General options bar: In this bar are the most commonly used menu options. Thus, the user can access them with the mouse without entering the menu.

Workspace: It is the area of ​​the screen where the open windows are available for the management of the files. You can open as many windows as you like and place them, either manually or through the Window Menu options.  

Message Bar: This bar that always appears in the lower part of the Main Window, provides general information about the application. In addition it allows the modification of some of its fields, without having to have to move to the option of the corresponding Menu.

The information it offers is: Date of Work: Informs and allows the modification of the date of work of the application.

User: Informs and supports the user change. Company and Exercise: It informs and admits the change of company and / or defect exercise. Name of the selected company: Field for information only.

DSG connection: can access through our web icons, e-mail support and remote connection program.

File window: Each of the program files has a file window in which a list of all the records of the file appears in list mode. The file window allows us to move through all the registers, to perform incremental searches or filters, to insert new records, to modify them, to delete them, etc.

Title Bar: It is the bar that appears at the top of the window, it shows the name of the option that we are viewing in that window. If there were several windows open at a time, the active one (the window in which we are working) will have the title bar with different color than the others (usually blue). The windows are activated by clicking anywhere inside them.  

The Minimize, Maximize, and Close Buttons: Appear to the right of the title bar. These buttons are used to quickly resize a window.  

Toolbar: The buttons on this bar allow us to access the options quickly with the mouse. Although these options will always be able to execute them through the context menu, if you are accustomed to the use of the mouse you will find this bar very useful.  

Workspace: It is the area of ​​the window where a file is opened that mostly appears in list format and where the desired record can be located much faster. If the open file has several windows will be available in what will now be called tabs and can be accessed by clicking the mouse in the desired tab.

Message Bar: Displays the results of functions such as sorting, searching and log positioning information.

Bar sorting and searching: Allows the change of sorting and execute searches of registers. Search Item: Notify the user of the text of the incremental search executed in red. 

Active Filter Item: Expressed in red that a search filter is active.

Item Information and No Records: Reports in blue of the total of records and the positioning of the selected record.

Dialog Boxes windows: We have already seen that the files are displayed in file windows. The rest of the windows that appear in Senior are called windows of dialogs, because they serve for the user to interact with the program.

mouse: the user will not be able to manipulate any other part of the program until the dialog box closes.   All the program options in which the user can define their behavior, such as a list of invoices (the user can define, among other things, the range of dates), show a dialog window. In the following illustration we show the dialog box of the Issued Invoices list.


Biblographic Font: 


US National Library of MedicineNational Institutes of Health  Acta Otolaryngol. 2015
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9840510

This article first appeared in FrontLine  June 2003

http://www.proclaimanddefend.org/2012/05/25/windows-the-involvement-of-discipleship

Part of the Operating Systems Glossary june 2015

http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/window



 

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